We will learn to read and write files from C++ in this chapter.
To do that, first of all we need to include a header file from Standard C++ Library named fstream.
fstream is combined with two data separate library files which are:
· ofstream – Output file stream that creates and writes information to files.
· ...
C++ Exceptions
There are several problems that occur during program execution or after user input which will crash or terminate the program without any clue for that if we do not apply exceptions handling methods to handle those exceptions.
C++ exceptions is built with three keywords:
try{
throw
catch(){
}
try – try block is used before the block of code where exceptions may generate after execution. It...
C++ Template Specialization
When we use regular templates for functions or classes. The
templates handle different data types in the same way as the same code is used
for compilation of all data types.
But in case we need a specific data type for a particular argument or parameter.
We use the method of Template specialization where we override the default template implementation to handle a particular type in a different way.
It...
C++ Class Templates
As like the function templates we can define a class template with the help of same syntax we learned in the previous chapter.
Example:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template<class R> //alternative template<typename R>
class DisplayGreater{
private:
R a,b; //two generic private member variables declared
public:
...
C++ Function Templates
Till now we already work with many functions and in every program there is at least one default function i.e. the main function.
As you know that we have declare a return type and parameters to declare a function.
Example:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int show(int a){
return a;
}
int main() {
int x = 5;
...